Anguish of a veteran

Published: October 5, 2014

The writer is a retired air commodore of the Pakistan Air Force and is author of Flight of the Falcon (Vanguard, 2009)

The deep anguish of this octogenarian, and passionate Pakistani, emanates from an article titled “Honouring Maulana Abul Kalam Azad” by Saad Saud, which was published on these pages on September 9, 2014. The article honoured the malicious Abul Kalam Azad and with callous insensitivity, denigrated the father of the nation, the Quaid-e-Azam.

I am sure that Indian journalist and anchor Karan Thapar would not dignify the writer’s unsolicited interference into India’s Bharat Ratna medallion award affair with a retort on whether the award should go to the intrepid soldier Field Marshal Manekshaw, the toady Gandhi or to Nehru, who was a charlatan, and was against the idea of a home for Muslims outside the clutches of rabid Hindutva majority. The impertinence typifies pseudo journalism, based on contrived history and the irreverence to the father of this nation state whose intellectual superiority, integrity and statesmanship is being exalted by many Western intellectuals today, who have opined that had Jinnah been a leader of a Western nation instead of in the subcontinent, historians would have placed him even above Winston Churchill. Gandhi and Nehru’s combined intellect did not match that of Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

The writer refers to the Quaid as ‘Jinnah’ and Abul Kalam as ‘Maulana’. His exuberance is shorn of historical veracity and is an insult to the raison d’etre of Pakistan. He has chosen to eulogise to the heavens, Abul Kalam, who was a loyal protege of Nehru and Gandhi and a brigand who hated the idea of a Muslim nationhood based on the incontrovertible Two-Nation Theory. The columnist has crossed the Rubicon verdict of history, reprehensibly at the cost of denigrating the Quaid-e-Azam, while contemporaneously praising the opportunist Abul Kalam Azad. He writes, “A staunch adversary of communal politics and the Two-Nation Theory … Azad was never reconciled with parochial interests (the idea of Pakistan) and communal agenda (the Muslim League’s demand for Pakistan to escape Hindutva genocide)”. He has praised Azad’s motive to trash the Two-Nation Theory and the idea of Pakistan motivated by personal profit by bartering his Muslim scholar identity to curry favour from Gandhi, claiming him to be a saint of peaceful politics. Gandhi harboured contempt for Muslims, while lying on railway tracks, and igniting hysteria and frenzy amongst the illiterate Hindus was Azad’s concept of peaceful agitation. Gandhi injected Hinutva religion in politics, kicked out his son for marrying a Muslim. The writer has skipped over the crime of Babri Mosque’s destruction by a frenzied mob, or the train tragedy, or the Modi-inspired massacre of Muslims in Gujarat and the mass rape of old and young female Muslims. Azad’s souls must have laughed at these tragedies as minor incidents in a nation of more than a billion people.

I am now in my octogenarian years. My life was marked by a passionate love and service for Pakistan from before its creation as a dedicated Muslim Student Federation leader of the original Muslim League of the Quaid-e-Azam, to leading in two wars with arch enemy India.

I was deeply pained and rattled at how a journalist bludgeoned my sensitivities and perhaps, that of a multitude of devout disciples of the greatest leader of the last century, Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, who gave us a country and identity.

Saad Saud writing a eulogy for an irrelevant man, Abul Kalam Azad, and that too out of context, provoked the sensitivities of the nation who have only one peg to hang its glory on — the sage Quaid-e-Azam.

The writer needs to apologise for his immature diatribe.

Published in The Express Tribune, October 6th, 2014.

15

Oct

AQ Khan: the truth finally prevails

 

By Sajad Haider

Published: October 12, 2012

 

The writer is a retired air commodore of the Pakistan Air Force and is author of Flight of the Falcon (Vanguard, 2009)

The damning truth exposed by a former director general nuclear power, Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood, in his article “The whole truth — nuclear Pakistan” (September 4), published in The News, must have been astonishing for the general public. It should be an eye-opener for all of us, especially the vibrant media, which never tires of glorifying AQ Khan as an eminent nuclear supremo.

AQ Khan built the facade of his invincibility by condemning all the superb accomplishments of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) — achieved over 20 years of dedication, by real nuclear, chemical, metallurgical and mining scientists — and by brazenly denigrating the real but humble hero, Munir Ahmed Khan. For those in the know, Munir will always be the indisputable father of the nuclear embryo and its development into the final product UF-6, without which a thousand centrifuges are as useless as a cooking pot without any feedstock. All this had been achieved before AQ Khan entered the fray in 1976. The scores of exceptional scientists on Munir’s team were responsible for mining 10,000 tonnes of uranium, which was put through yellow cake to liquification and gasification to be fed into the centrifuges for eventual separation of U-235-from U-238 and solidification to produce weapon-grade uranium. All of this was achieved at the PAEC, under Munir’s watch.

AQ Khan had the part of the centrifuge to separate the elements and that was sent back to the PAEC for processing to create the final product, i.e., weapon-grade uranium. However, even that was just the first phase of what was to become a nuclear weapon capable of reaching its target and being delivered with accuracy for desired results. This was the cardinal phase, whereby a nuclear triggering mechanism had to be created and the weapon integration in the weapon attack system had to be carried by the best and fastest fighter aircraft, an F-16 in this case.

This aircraft could evade the enemy air defence and deliver the weapon accurately. Pakistan did not have missile technology then. The consummate professional who engaged in this indispensable phase was Hafeez Qureshi, the head of the Directorate of Technical Development (DTD). Later, a Pakistan Air Force engineering element was added to the project. The cold drop by a Mirage at the Lalian Range was a near direct hit by one of my former junior colleagues. AQ Khan had no part in this entire development at the DTD.

The public and AQ Khan’s admirers should know that firstly, he was just a copper metallurgist employed in Holland by Urenco and assigned to a less sensitive section, which was not directly involved in development of centrifuges. His first assignment in Pakistan was as an assistant to the project director. The process from mining to yellow cake stage to liquifying to gaseous and final solid metal weapon-grade uranium was the labour of love of hundreds of scientists. AQ Khan, indeed, had his role in equal measure as did each one of the team to have reverse engineered the centrifuge. Little known, though, is the fact that the protocol type centrifuges had already been made in the Chaklala barracks before AQ Khan joined in 1976. The design he brought was incomplete and intense research was carried out under GD Alam, along with Anwar Ali, Ejaz Khokhar, Javed Mirza and others. It is time that the combined effort of scores of heroic Pakistani scientists and engineers who chose to remain anonymous, is recognised.

Published in The Express Tribune, October 13th, 2012.

 
read more 1 Comments

19

Jan

          Man of Steel

 

 

 

 

 

 

There must be a hush in the extraterrestrial firmament as an unusual meteor is blazing with tremendous velocity towards his heavenly abode from his temporal one: Air Marshal Nur Khan, my mentor, a leader whose body and soul were forged in tempered steel.

Nur Khan always exhorted the 1965 war as a senseless one perpetrated by unprofessional men at the helm

There are few intrepid men in history who lived with such courage and incontrovertible conviction as did AM Nur Khan, to his last breath, as I saw him descending with such grace. He was the second Pakistani Chief of the country's air force but second to none as the legacy of the father of the nation had ordained for the air force which AM Nur Khan led. Excellence was never an option for him; it was an instinct and he proved it as he took Pakistan International Airline to the galaxy of the best airlines in the world and returned to the PAF in July 1965 to take over from the father of the air force AM Asghar Khan. Then Nur Khan oversaw the PAF as it went into the war of 1965, which he always exhorted as a senseless war perpetrated by unprofessional men at the helm. I knew him from the time he commanded the base at Mauripur (Masroor) and led a fly past of 100 F-86 Fighter aircraft on the 23rd March fly past. He wanted every single fighter on the PAF strength to take to the air. It was not a herculean task, but it was more than a little difficult. Nur Khan, however, had the gumption to motivate the men in blue to achieve the impossible, and the spectacle was witnessed by millions in Karachi in the 1950s with Nur Khan leading, just before he left to take command of PIA.

Article Box
A Pakistani soldier at Khemkaran, 1965

A Pakistani soldier at Khemkaran, 1965

Article Box

The goon fired his gun and wounded the Air Marshal, but Nur Khan overwhelmed him in the end

His achievements as the MD PIA were not limited to the airline alone. His penchant for sports was a history-making epic in itself. He transformed Pakistani squash and hockey into matters of world championships. Nur Khan's individual courage was tested when a Fockker Friendship was hijacked by a bunch of terrorists and landed at Lahore. When all negotiations had failed, AM Nur Khan flew to Lahore and decided to take charge of the imbroglio. To everyone's bewilderment and admiration he entered the small cabin and physically overpowered the assailant. The goon fired his gun and wounded the Air Marshal, but Nur Khan overwhelmed him in the end.

He took over the PAF in July 1965. Much to his chargin, and more so of Air Marshal Asghar Khan, neither was consulted by President Ayub Khan or General Musa about launching thousands of mujahedeen including Pakistan army commandos to annex Kashmir. Nur Khan shot off to GHQ to confront Gen. Musa and asked why the PAF had been kept in the dark. Musa procrastinated and told him that the president did not want to escalate the limited operation and the PAF had to stay out. Nur Khan had anxious moments knowing that the ill-conceived action would inevitably conflagrate. What would he say to the nation if the Indian Air Force pre-empted and ground the PAF in a relentless air operation?

He would arrive straight from his residence to our squadron, get in to his flying gear, order a coffee and hamburger, and off we would go to the firing range at Jamrud

  Article Box
  Nur Khan receives Indian air chief marshal Arjan Singh during his visit to Peshawar in February 1966
Nur Khan receives Indian air chief marshal Arjan Singh during his visit to Peshawar in February 1966
  Article Box

The rest, as they say, is history. But for his alacrity and strategic perception the PAF would been devastated by a numerically preponderant Indian Air Force. Nur Khan ordered the PAF on Red-Alert on 1st September as the Army's Operation Gibraltar came to a grinding halt and the Indians began a massive assault against Pakistan. In those ominous moments Nur Khan was deeply concerned about the survival of the Mujahideen Force operating in the Kashmir valley with no hope for supply reinforcements. Against the illogical expectations of the leaders suffering trepidation from an all-out Indian invasion, Nur Khan ordered C-130 flights in the valley after consulting with 12 Division command in control of the Kashmir misadventure. He boarded the first C-130 mission after midnight in inclement weather with a rudimentary radar, and took in total darkness to the treacherous valley. When Group Captain Zahid Butt overshot the Drop Zone, placed between high peaks on either side, he decided to abandon the perilous mission. Nur Khan, peering over his shoulder, asked him to make another attempt. This time the supplies were dropped on the target. Such was the audacity of the man in command of the Air Force. The news propelled the morale of the PAF to incredible heights; its performance in the 1965 war is a testament to that splendor.

He transformed Pakistani squash and hockey into matters of world championships

I had the honor to fly with him as escort fighter during the many missions he flew with my squadron in Peshawar. He would arrive straight from his residence to our squadron, get in to his flying gear, order a coffee and hamburger, just like any young fighter pilot, and off we would go to the firing range at Jamrud. Every day he returned with incredible scores which the very best pilots in complete form could hardly achieve. When I would tell him that he was going too low in the attacks, he would reply: "That is how you would need to attack the enemy in war." The war was not on, yet he was irrepressible and like a fiery fighter pilot would wait for the "Hit count" and rocket results.

  Article Box
  Nur Khan in an F-104
Nur Khan in an F-104
  Article Box
Article Box

 

Article Box

One day when I had to abort for air craft malfunction, my flight commander escorted him to the range. When he returned he had already been informed by the range officer how many hits he had scored on the target. As he stood on the wing of the Saber Jet he smiled at me and said, "Now you beat that BLOODY score, Haider." He had scored 100 % hits on the target and beaten my score, a record never broken by the very best anywhere to the best of my knowledge. That was my mentor, our Commander-in-Chief, a man who considered nothing impossible and proved it with his professional excellence, integrity and intrepidness, a legacy few air forces in the world can boast to have inherited.

Farewell, my chief. I know you hated it when I wrote in my book that you were a maverick, but you know that I meant you were incomparable and lightening-fast at the draw. You liked that. Pakistan's history would place you at the highest pedestal of military leadership where few have preceded you. May your heroic and noble soul rest in heavenly peace.

Air Commodore (Retired) Syed Sajad Haider is the author of the bestselling 'Flight of the Falcon' and its Urdu translation 'Shaheen ki Parwaz'

2 Comments

15

Dec

    Farewell to a man of steel

 
Air Marshal Nur Khan

FAREWELL TO A MAN OF STEEL

 

 

 

He was the second Pakistani Chief of the country’s air force but Second to None, just as the legacy of the Father of the Nation had ordained for the air force which AM Nur Khan led. Excellence was never an option for him; it was an instinct and he proved it as he took Pakistan International Airline (PIA) to the galaxy of the best airlines in the world later returning to the PAF in July 1965 to take over from the father of the air force AM Asghar Khan to lead PAF with stunning success into the 1965 war, which he always exhorted as a senseless war perpetrated by unprofessional men at the helm. I knew him from the time he commanded the base at Mauripur (Masroor) and led a fly past of 100 F-86 Fighter aircraft on the occasion of 23rd March in the mid-fifties, but he did it with flair. Nur Khan wanted every single fighter on the PAF strength to take to the air. It was not a just a Herculean task but a near impossible one. But he had the gumption to motivate the men in blue to achieve the impossible and millions in Karachi proudly bore witness to the spectacle of Nur Khan brilliantly leading the charge, just before he left to take command of PIA.

 

 

His achievements as the MD (Managing Director) PIA were not limited to the airline alone. His penchant for sports was a history making epic in itself. He elevated the national status of Squash and Hockey from mediocre to world champions. Pakistan emerged in the world of sports as Champions from a Third World to challenge the mighty First World. Beyond catapulting the sports in Pakistan and the hitherto rudimentary PIA to such heights, his individual courage was tested when a Fokker Friendship was hijacked by a bunch of terrorists and landed at Lahore. When all negotiations failed, AM Nur Khan flew to Lahore and decided to take charge of the imbroglio. To everyone’s bewilderment and admiration he entered the small cabin and physically overpowered the assailant; just as the goon fired his gun, wounding the Air Marshal.

 

 

The day he took over the PAF in July, 1965 brought an unexpected revelation much to the chagrin of both AM Asghar Khan and Nur Khan, that neither had been taken into confidence by President Ayub Khan or General Musa and that thousands of Mujahideen including Pakistan Army commandos had been launched to annex Kashmir. He shot off to GHQ to confront General Musa - the Army Chief and asked why the PAF had been kept in the dark. Musa procrastinated and told him that the President did not want to escalate the limited operation and the PAF had to stay out. Nur Khan had anxious moments knowing that the ill-conceived action would inevitably conflagrate. What would he say to the nation if the Indian Air Force were to pre-empt and ground the PAF in a relentless air operation? The rest is history. But for his alacrity and strategic perception, the PAF would have been devastated by a numerically preponderant Indian Air Force. Nur Khan ordered the PAF on Red-Alert on 1st Sept. as the Army Operation Gibraltar came to a grinding halt and the Indians began a massive assault against Pakistan. In those ominous moments Nur Khan was deeply concerned about the survival of the Mujahideen Force operating in the Kashmir valley with no hope for supply reinforcements. Against the illogical expectations of the leaders suffering trepidation from an all out Indian invasion, Nur Khan ordered C-130 flights in the valley after consulting with 12 Division command in control of Kashmir misadventure. He boarded the first C-130 mission past Mid-night in inclement weather with a rudimentary radar, in total darkness and headed for the treacherous valley. When Group Captain Zahid Butt overshot the Drop Zone, situated between high peaks on either side he decided to abandon the perilous mission. Nur Khan peering over his shoulder asked him to make another attempt. This time the supplies were dropped on the target. Such was the audacity of a man in command of the air force. The news propelled the morale of the PAF to incredible heights. Its performance in the 1965 war is history written in glorious splendour.

 

I had the honor to fly with him as an escort fighter during many missions he flew with my squadron based at Peshawar, the home of air force headquarters. He would arrive straight from his residence to our squadron, get in his flying gear, order a coffee and hamburger, just like any young fighter pilot and off we went to the firing range at Jamrud. Everyday he returned with incredible scores which the very best pilots in complete form could hardly achieve. When I would tell him that he was going too low in the attacks and was dangerous, he would reply, “that is how you would need to attack the enemy in war.” But the war was not on, yet he was irrepressible and like a fiery fighter pilot would wait for the “Hit count” and rocket results. One day when I had to abort due to aircraft malfunction, my flight commander escorted him to the range. When he returned, he had already been informed by the range officer about the number hits he had scored on the target. As he stood on the wing of the Sabre Jet he smiled at me and said, “Now you beat that BLOODY score, Haider”. He had scored 100 % hits on the target. He had beaten my score - a record hitherto unbroken by the finest to the best of my knowledge. That was my mentor, our Commander-in-Chief, a man who considered nothing impossible and proved it with his professional excellence, integrity and intrepidness. His is a legacy few air forces in the world could boast to have inherited.

 

 

Farewell, my chief, I know you hated it when I wrote in my book that you were a maverick, but you know that I meant you were incomparable and lightening fast at the draw. You liked that. Pakistan’s history would place you at the highest pedestal of military leadership where few have preceded you. May your heroic and noble soul rest in heavenly peace.

 

Sajad Haider     

 

 

4 Comments

17

May

A Fighter Pilot's Tale

 

 

A fighter pilot's tale

Saturday, May 16, 2009
Shireen M Mazari

When the mainstream biographies by civil and military bureaucrats in Pakistan tend to be tedious rationalisations of their stay in the corridors of power, including military dictatorships, Air Commodore Sajad Haider's book, "Flight of the Falcon" breaks this mode. Newly launched by Vanguard Books, it is a most fascinating study of not only Haider's interesting and adventurous life but also of the Pakistan Air Force itself. Sajad Haider has always been outspoken with a "no-holds barred" approach to life and his life story reflects this most vividly, with his near-death encounters while flying as well as his turbulent times fighting against an unjust court martial which eventually exonerated him. Interesting anecdotes abound in the book reflecting different facets of Haider's life in the PAF – including his run-in with the Shah of Iran in Washington, his unfulfilled true love and other amusing flirtatious encounters.

However, the book is an important "must read" for all Pakistanis, because it opens up the evolution of the institution of the Pakistan Air Force and the brave and audacious officers who laid the strong foundations. Haider shows the commitment of the early officer cadre, which flew their machines without high-tech back-up systems in a seemingly cavalier fashion. It is more than just the story of the institution. Haider provides the human element to the story of the Pakistan Air Force. In fact, by describing the lifestyle of the PAF reflected in its socialising patterns in the Officers' Mess, Haider draws a picture of the elite lifestyle of Pakistan during the pre-Zia days and the social tolerance that was taken for granted. He also paints a nostalgic picture of days when officers rode motor bikes or old cars, travelled in second-class railway compartments and barely had enough money for fuelling the borrowed car of a friend. That these facts are described in an affectionate and matter-of-fact manner shows how simple and unaffected the officer of those days was. Committed to flying and his country and taking risks for a national cause – the fighter pilot was a heroic, romantic and dare-devilish figure who cast his imprint on the PAF in its heyday.

The tragedy of institutional decay that set in into the PAF is also recounted vividly. As we have watched our armed forces move from being venerated to being critiqued for their continuous political interventions, we can understand how individuals have played a major role in institutional strengthening and decay. Haider shows us the invaluable contributions of air chiefs like Asghar Khan and Nur Khan as well as their early successors. He also shows how the political machinations of certain air chiefs began the professional rot within the PAF. Describing the Attock Conspiracy case, and the court martial that ensued, Haider describes the latter as "a virtual genocide of gallant fighter pilots, most of them with Sitara-e-Jurats pinned on their chests". We see the politicisation that crept into the military, and understand why military heroes were gradually replaced by military villains in the eyes of the Pakistani nation.

Some myths about the 1965 and 1971 wars are also exposed. Haider of course was the decorated war hero of the 1965 war and he has critiqued the role of the GHQ leadership in both these wars. What is fascinating is his assertion that the PAF did even better in the 1971 war with India than it had performed in 1965. According to him, in 1971, the "plans and performance of the PAF were superb and indisputably better that in 1965" and to support this claim he cites Indian government figures of Indian Air Force losses. According to Haider the military debacle of 1971 can be laid firmly at the feet of the president and GHQ whose plans were "flawed". As he put it, the "leadership had cold feet when the moment of truth arrived on November 24, 1971, as the Indian invasion of East Pakistan began."

Perhaps it is not surprising to see how Haider ended his career with the PAF – an institution he joined after being inspired by Quaid-e-Azam Mohammed Ali Jinnah's words at a gathering where he was present. After having gone through the rollercoaster of the PAF in the Bhutto years, Sajad Haider finally called it quits after he stood up to Dictator Ziaul Haq and told him exactly what he thought of his regime, regretting the level to which the military had been reduced in civilian eyes. Thus ended the illustrious career of a fighter pilot of the Pakistan Air Force – undaunted in the face of adversity; but unwilling to compromise on his beloved PAF.

The writer is a defence analyst. Email: callstr@hotmail.com

 

2 Comments

15

Oct

AQ Khan: the truth finally prevails

 
 
 

  AQ Khan: the truth finally prevails

By Sajad Haider

Published: October 12, 2012

 

The writer is a retired air commodore of the Pakistan Air Force and is author of Flight of the Falcon (Vanguard, 2009)

The damning truth exposed by a former director general nuclear power, Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood, in his article “The whole truth — nuclear Pakistan” (September 4), published in The News, must have been astonishing for the general public. It should be an eye-opener for all of us, especially the vibrant media, which never tires of glorifying AQ Khan as an eminent nuclear supremo.

AQ Khan built the facade of his invincibility by condemning all the superb accomplishments of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) — achieved over 20 years of dedication, by real nuclear, chemical, metallurgical and mining scientists — and by brazenly denigrating the real but humble hero, Munir Ahmed Khan. For those in the know, Munir will always be the indisputable father of the nuclear embryo and its development into the final product UF-6, without which a thousand centrifuges are as useless as a cooking pot without any feedstock. All this had been achieved before AQ Khan entered the fray in 1976. The scores of exceptional scientists on Munir’s team were responsible for mining 10,000 tonnes of uranium, which was put through yellow cake to liquification and gasification to be fed into the centrifuges for eventual separation of U-235-from U-238 and solidification to produce weapon-grade uranium. All of this was achieved at the PAEC, under Munir’s watch.

AQ Khan had the part of the centrifuge to separate the elements and that was sent back to the PAEC for processing to create the final product, i.e., weapon-grade uranium. However, even that was just the first phase of what was to become a nuclear weapon capable of reaching its target and being delivered with accuracy for desired results. This was the cardinal phase, whereby a nuclear triggering mechanism had to be created and the weapon integration in the weapon attack system had to be carried by the best and fastest fighter aircraft, an F-16 in this case.

This aircraft could evade the enemy air defence and deliver the weapon accurately. Pakistan did not have missile technology then. The consummate professional who engaged in this indispensable phase was Hafeez Qureshi, the head of the Directorate of Technical Development (DTD). Later, a Pakistan Air Force engineering element was added to the project. The cold drop by a Mirage at the Lalian Range was a near direct hit by one of my former junior colleagues. AQ Khan had no part in this entire development at the DTD.

The public and AQ Khan’s admirers should know that firstly, he was just a copper metallurgist employed in Holland by Urenco and assigned to a less sensitive section, which was not directly involved in development of centrifuges. His first assignment in Pakistan was as an assistant to the project director. The process from mining to yellow cake stage to liquifying to gaseous and final solid metal weapon-grade uranium was the labour of love of hundreds of scientists. AQ Khan, indeed, had his role in equal measure as did each one of the team to have reverse engineered the centrifuge. Little known, though, is the fact that the protocol type centrifuges had already been made in the Chaklala barracks before AQ Khan joined in 1976. The design he brought was incomplete and intense research was carried out under GD Alam, along with Anwar Ali, Ejaz Khokhar, Javed Mirza and others. It is time that the combined effort of scores of heroic Pakistani scientists and engineers who chose to remain anonymous, is recognised.

Published in The Express Tribune, October 13th, 2012.

1 Comments

19

Jan

Man of Steel

 

 

 

 

 

 

There must be a hush in the extraterrestrial firmament as an unusual meteor is blazing with tremendous velocity towards his heavenly abode from his temporal one: Air Marshal Nur Khan, my mentor, a leader whose body and soul were forged in tempered steel.

Nur Khan always exhorted the 1965 war as a senseless one perpetrated by unprofessional men at the helm

There are few intrepid men in history who lived with such courage and incontrovertible conviction as did AM Nur Khan, to his last breath, as I saw him descending with such grace. He was the second Pakistani Chief of the country's air force but second to none as the legacy of the father of the nation had ordained for the air force which AM Nur Khan led. Excellence was never an option for him; it was an instinct and he proved it as he took Pakistan International Airline to the galaxy of the best airlines in the world and returned to the PAF in July 1965 to take over from the father of the air force AM Asghar Khan. Then Nur Khan oversaw the PAF as it went into the war of 1965, which he always exhorted as a senseless war perpetrated by unprofessional men at the helm. I knew him from the time he commanded the base at Mauripur (Masroor) and led a fly past of 100 F-86 Fighter aircraft on the 23rd March fly past. He wanted every single fighter on the PAF strength to take to the air. It was not a herculean task, but it was more than a little difficult. Nur Khan, however, had the gumption to motivate the men in blue to achieve the impossible, and the spectacle was witnessed by millions in Karachi in the 1950s with Nur Khan leading, just before he left to take command of PIA.

Article Box
A Pakistani soldier at Khemkaran, 1965

A Pakistani soldier at Khemkaran, 1965

Article Box

The goon fired his gun and wounded the Air Marshal, but Nur Khan overwhelmed him in the end

His achievements as the MD PIA were not limited to the airline alone. His penchant for sports was a history-making epic in itself. He transformed Pakistani squash and hockey into matters of world championships. Nur Khan's individual courage was tested when a Fockker Friendship was hijacked by a bunch of terrorists and landed at Lahore. When all negotiations had failed, AM Nur Khan flew to Lahore and decided to take charge of the imbroglio. To everyone's bewilderment and admiration he entered the small cabin and physically overpowered the assailant. The goon fired his gun and wounded the Air Marshal, but Nur Khan overwhelmed him in the end.

He took over the PAF in July 1965. Much to his chargin, and more so of Air Marshal Asghar Khan, neither was consulted by President Ayub Khan or General Musa about launching thousands of mujahedeen including Pakistan army commandos to annex Kashmir. Nur Khan shot off to GHQ to confront Gen. Musa and asked why the PAF had been kept in the dark. Musa procrastinated and told him that the president did not want to escalate the limited operation and the PAF had to stay out. Nur Khan had anxious moments knowing that the ill-conceived action would inevitably conflagrate. What would he say to the nation if the Indian Air Force pre-empted and ground the PAF in a relentless air operation?

He would arrive straight from his residence to our squadron, get in to his flying gear, order a coffee and hamburger, and off we would go to the firing range at Jamrud

  Article Box
  Nur Khan receives Indian air chief marshal Arjan Singh during his visit to Peshawar in February 1966
Nur Khan receives Indian air chief marshal Arjan Singh during his visit to Peshawar in February 1966
  Article Box

The rest, as they say, is history. But for his alacrity and strategic perception the PAF would been devastated by a numerically preponderant Indian Air Force. Nur Khan ordered the PAF on Red-Alert on 1st September as the Army's Operation Gibraltar came to a grinding halt and the Indians began a massive assault against Pakistan. In those ominous moments Nur Khan was deeply concerned about the survival of the Mujahideen Force operating in the Kashmir valley with no hope for supply reinforcements. Against the illogical expectations of the leaders suffering trepidation from an all-out Indian invasion, Nur Khan ordered C-130 flights in the valley after consulting with 12 Division command in control of the Kashmir misadventure. He boarded the first C-130 mission after midnight in inclement weather with a rudimentary radar, and took in total darkness to the treacherous valley. When Group Captain Zahid Butt overshot the Drop Zone, placed between high peaks on either side, he decided to abandon the perilous mission. Nur Khan, peering over his shoulder, asked him to make another attempt. This time the supplies were dropped on the target. Such was the audacity of the man in command of the Air Force. The news propelled the morale of the PAF to incredible heights; its performance in the 1965 war is a testament to that splendor.

He transformed Pakistani squash and hockey into matters of world championships

I had the honor to fly with him as escort fighter during the many missions he flew with my squadron in Peshawar. He would arrive straight from his residence to our squadron, get in to his flying gear, order a coffee and hamburger, just like any young fighter pilot, and off we would go to the firing range at Jamrud. Every day he returned with incredible scores which the very best pilots in complete form could hardly achieve. When I would tell him that he was going too low in the attacks, he would reply: "That is how you would need to attack the enemy in war." The war was not on, yet he was irrepressible and like a fiery fighter pilot would wait for the "Hit count" and rocket results.

  Article Box
  Nur Khan in an F-104
Nur Khan in an F-104
  Article Box
Article Box

 

Article Box

One day when I had to abort for air craft malfunction, my flight commander escorted him to the range. When he returned he had already been informed by the range officer how many hits he had scored on the target. As he stood on the wing of the Saber Jet he smiled at me and said, "Now you beat that BLOODY score, Haider." He had scored 100 % hits on the target and beaten my score, a record never broken by the very best anywhere to the best of my knowledge. That was my mentor, our Commander-in-Chief, a man who considered nothing impossible and proved it with his professional excellence, integrity and intrepidness, a legacy few air forces in the world can boast to have inherited.

Farewell, my chief. I know you hated it when I wrote in my book that you were a maverick, but you know that I meant you were incomparable and lightening-fast at the draw. You liked that. Pakistan's history would place you at the highest pedestal of military leadership where few have preceded you. May your heroic and noble soul rest in heavenly peace.

Air Commodore (Retired) Syed Sajad Haider is the author of the bestselling 'Flight of the Falcon' and its Urdu translation 'Shaheen ki Parwaz'

2 Comments

15

Dec

Farewell to a man of steel

 
Air Marshal Nur Khan

FAREWELL TO A MAN OF STEEL

 

 

 

He was the second Pakistani Chief of the country’s air force but Second to None, just as the legacy of the Father of the Nation had ordained for the air force which AM Nur Khan led. Excellence was never an option for him; it was an instinct and he proved it as he took Pakistan International Airline (PIA) to the galaxy of the best airlines in the world later returning to the PAF in July 1965 to take over from the father of the air force AM Asghar Khan to lead PAF with stunning success into the 1965 war, which he always exhorted as a senseless war perpetrated by unprofessional men at the helm. I knew him from the time he commanded the base at Mauripur (Masroor) and led a fly past of 100 F-86 Fighter aircraft on the occasion of 23rd March in the mid-fifties, but he did it with flair. Nur Khan wanted every single fighter on the PAF strength to take to the air. It was not a just a Herculean task but a near impossible one. But he had the gumption to motivate the men in blue to achieve the impossible and millions in Karachi proudly bore witness to the spectacle of Nur Khan brilliantly leading the charge, just before he left to take command of PIA.

 

 

His achievements as the MD (Managing Director) PIA were not limited to the airline alone. His penchant for sports was a history making epic in itself. He elevated the national status of Squash and Hockey from mediocre to world champions. Pakistan emerged in the world of sports as Champions from a Third World to challenge the mighty First World. Beyond catapulting the sports in Pakistan and the hitherto rudimentary PIA to such heights, his individual courage was tested when a Fokker Friendship was hijacked by a bunch of terrorists and landed at Lahore. When all negotiations failed, AM Nur Khan flew to Lahore and decided to take charge of the imbroglio. To everyone’s bewilderment and admiration he entered the small cabin and physically overpowered the assailant; just as the goon fired his gun, wounding the Air Marshal.

 

 

The day he took over the PAF in July, 1965 brought an unexpected revelation much to the chagrin of both AM Asghar Khan and Nur Khan, that neither had been taken into confidence by President Ayub Khan or General Musa and that thousands of Mujahideen including Pakistan Army commandos had been launched to annex Kashmir. He shot off to GHQ to confront General Musa - the Army Chief and asked why the PAF had been kept in the dark. Musa procrastinated and told him that the President did not want to escalate the limited operation and the PAF had to stay out. Nur Khan had anxious moments knowing that the ill-conceived action would inevitably conflagrate. What would he say to the nation if the Indian Air Force were to pre-empt and ground the PAF in a relentless air operation? The rest is history. But for his alacrity and strategic perception, the PAF would have been devastated by a numerically preponderant Indian Air Force. Nur Khan ordered the PAF on Red-Alert on 1st Sept. as the Army Operation Gibraltar came to a grinding halt and the Indians began a massive assault against Pakistan. In those ominous moments Nur Khan was deeply concerned about the survival of the Mujahideen Force operating in the Kashmir valley with no hope for supply reinforcements. Against the illogical expectations of the leaders suffering trepidation from an all out Indian invasion, Nur Khan ordered C-130 flights in the valley after consulting with 12 Division command in control of Kashmir misadventure. He boarded the first C-130 mission past Mid-night in inclement weather with a rudimentary radar, in total darkness and headed for the treacherous valley. When Group Captain Zahid Butt overshot the Drop Zone, situated between high peaks on either side he decided to abandon the perilous mission. Nur Khan peering over his shoulder asked him to make another attempt. This time the supplies were dropped on the target. Such was the audacity of a man in command of the air force. The news propelled the morale of the PAF to incredible heights. Its performance in the 1965 war is history written in glorious splendour.

 

I had the honor to fly with him as an escort fighter during many missions he flew with my squadron based at Peshawar, the home of air force headquarters. He would arrive straight from his residence to our squadron, get in his flying gear, order a coffee and hamburger, just like any young fighter pilot and off we went to the firing range at Jamrud. Everyday he returned with incredible scores which the very best pilots in complete form could hardly achieve. When I would tell him that he was going too low in the attacks and was dangerous, he would reply, “that is how you would need to attack the enemy in war.” But the war was not on, yet he was irrepressible and like a fiery fighter pilot would wait for the “Hit count” and rocket results. One day when I had to abort due to aircraft malfunction, my flight commander escorted him to the range. When he returned, he had already been informed by the range officer about the number hits he had scored on the target. As he stood on the wing of the Sabre Jet he smiled at me and said, “Now you beat that BLOODY score, Haider”. He had scored 100 % hits on the target. He had beaten my score - a record hitherto unbroken by the finest to the best of my knowledge. That was my mentor, our Commander-in-Chief, a man who considered nothing impossible and proved it with his professional excellence, integrity and intrepidness. His is a legacy few air forces in the world could boast to have inherited.

 

 

Farewell, my chief, I know you hated it when I wrote in my book that you were a maverick, but you know that I meant you were incomparable and lightening fast at the draw. You liked that. Pakistan’s history would place you at the highest pedestal of military leadership where few have preceded you. May your heroic and noble soul rest in heavenly peace.

 

Sajad Haider     

 

 

4 Comments

17

May

A Fighter Pilot's Tale

 

 

A fighter pilot's tale

Saturday, May 16, 2009
Shireen M Mazari

When the mainstream biographies by civil and military bureaucrats in Pakistan tend to be tedious rationalisations of their stay in the corridors of power, including military dictatorships, Air Commodore Sajad Haider's book, "Flight of the Falcon" breaks this mode. Newly launched by Vanguard Books, it is a most fascinating study of not only Haider's interesting and adventurous life but also of the Pakistan Air Force itself. Sajad Haider has always been outspoken with a "no-holds barred" approach to life and his life story reflects this most vividly, with his near-death encounters while flying as well as his turbulent times fighting against an unjust court martial which eventually exonerated him. Interesting anecdotes abound in the book reflecting different facets of Haider's life in the PAF – including his run-in with the Shah of Iran in Washington, his unfulfilled true love and other amusing flirtatious encounters.

However, the book is an important "must read" for all Pakistanis, because it opens up the evolution of the institution of the Pakistan Air Force and the brave and audacious officers who laid the strong foundations. Haider shows the commitment of the early officer cadre, which flew their machines without high-tech back-up systems in a seemingly cavalier fashion. It is more than just the story of the institution. Haider provides the human element to the story of the Pakistan Air Force. In fact, by describing the lifestyle of the PAF reflected in its socialising patterns in the Officers' Mess, Haider draws a picture of the elite lifestyle of Pakistan during the pre-Zia days and the social tolerance that was taken for granted. He also paints a nostalgic picture of days when officers rode motor bikes or old cars, travelled in second-class railway compartments and barely had enough money for fuelling the borrowed car of a friend. That these facts are described in an affectionate and matter-of-fact manner shows how simple and unaffected the officer of those days was. Committed to flying and his country and taking risks for a national cause – the fighter pilot was a heroic, romantic and dare-devilish figure who cast his imprint on the PAF in its heyday.

The tragedy of institutional decay that set in into the PAF is also recounted vividly. As we have watched our armed forces move from being venerated to being critiqued for their continuous political interventions, we can understand how individuals have played a major role in institutional strengthening and decay. Haider shows us the invaluable contributions of air chiefs like Asghar Khan and Nur Khan as well as their early successors. He also shows how the political machinations of certain air chiefs began the professional rot within the PAF. Describing the Attock Conspiracy case, and the court martial that ensued, Haider describes the latter as "a virtual genocide of gallant fighter pilots, most of them with Sitara-e-Jurats pinned on their chests". We see the politicisation that crept into the military, and understand why military heroes were gradually replaced by military villains in the eyes of the Pakistani nation.

Some myths about the 1965 and 1971 wars are also exposed. Haider of course was the decorated war hero of the 1965 war and he has critiqued the role of the GHQ leadership in both these wars. What is fascinating is his assertion that the PAF did even better in the 1971 war with India than it had performed in 1965. According to him, in 1971, the "plans and performance of the PAF were superb and indisputably better that in 1965" and to support this claim he cites Indian government figures of Indian Air Force losses. According to Haider the military debacle of 1971 can be laid firmly at the feet of the president and GHQ whose plans were "flawed". As he put it, the "leadership had cold feet when the moment of truth arrived on November 24, 1971, as the Indian invasion of East Pakistan began."

Perhaps it is not surprising to see how Haider ended his career with the PAF – an institution he joined after being inspired by Quaid-e-Azam Mohammed Ali Jinnah's words at a gathering where he was present. After having gone through the rollercoaster of the PAF in the Bhutto years, Sajad Haider finally called it quits after he stood up to Dictator Ziaul Haq and told him exactly what he thought of his regime, regretting the level to which the military had been reduced in civilian eyes. Thus ended the illustrious career of a fighter pilot of the Pakistan Air Force – undaunted in the face of adversity; but unwilling to compromise on his beloved PAF.

The writer is a defence analyst. Email: callstr@hotmail.com

 

2 Comments

26

Apr

The Deluge triggered by Corrupt Pakistani Leadership and Ostriches of the Nation

 

Dear Friends,

 

We need to mobilize if we want to see a tomorrow. The critical mass has reached for Pakistan's integrity and the matrix of time and action have passed. Now it is a dire emergency requiring emergency action. The govt. is planning an exit strategy, not for you and I but just their cabal. It is beyond a wakeup call. ‘The hyenas are coming around and down the mountain when they come’. Here is a piece I have just written as an angry response to Qazi Hussein Ahmed's hyperbole and contravention.

 

 

A Rejoinder to Qazi Hussain Ahmed’s ‘Islamisation and Islamic Ideology’

 

The article by Qazi Hussain Ahmed “Islamisation: Cure of all evils” has drawn much attention despite the existential peril the country faces. The content of his sermon is misleading diatribe, rather than any solutions to the present quagmire which lies at the door of MMA epoch in NWFP, no less than all other factors involved. I would say” No” Mr. Mr. Qazi”, Islamisation is not as old as independence; it came centuries ago. It had little to do with Quaid-e-Azam’s vision of Pakistan’s raison d’etre. The struggle for Pakistan by that man of steel will and sterling character Jinnah was for the oppressed Muslims of India so that they could live by the values ordained by Allah and practiced by his Prophet (PBUH), but emphatically not a to be a theocracy. Mullah and bigots had been stoutly excluded from any space or role except to lead prayers. It is indelible part of history that Mr. Maudoodi and his zealots in addition to the Ahrars and Khaksars had inextricably and virulently opposed the creation of Pakistan, calling it Na Pakistan and its great founder and father, the saintly Quaid-e-Azam, Kafir-e-Azam. So, none of the religious political cabal or the rabid congressite of Frontier and Baluchistan have any legitimate claim to the philosophy behind the creation of Pakistan. My father was a pioneer and a leading light of Quaid’s Muslim League in Baluchistan (The original one which was buried with the Quaid).  I had participated in the Pakistan movement as a 12 year old member of the Muslim Student Federation in Baluchistan, and remember well the role of India’s villainous religious bigots and Ghandi disciples in Peshawar and Quetta, who were under the Mahatma’s oxymoronic Khilafat movement.

 

The Quaid had incontrovertibly and comprehensively stipulated on 11th August, 1947 as the President of the constituent assembly that Pakistan will not be a theocratic state but a secular one. He had unambiguously reiterated that to the Reuter’s Correspondent in Delhi in 1946, and in his address to the American and Australian people. So, touché sir, any other perception about Islamisation and ideology of Pakistan is a manufactured ruse.  Mr. Qazi should also know that Ideology is “Rigidly held dogma”, not rooted in Faith. Islam is a monotheist powerful Faith as enunciated and spread by the Prophet of Allah (PBUH) is at much higher levels than an ideology- Communism is an ideology, which runs in a rigid groove denying human mind, intellect and activity any flexibility. Islam provides its believers infinite capacity of thought and action; of acquiring knowledge to capture the elements of nature as is ordained by God. Islam is spirituality so powerful that neither the west with all its might nor the Hindu with all their demons can harm. But it is unsafe in the hands of Mullah and their Jahil (illiterate) disciples. They even beat the devil in malevolence.  The nation of 170 Million watches in terrified animation how the sanctity of Islam has been contorted by primordial cavemen. The process gathered impetus in Zia-ul-Haq’s pique epoch and imposed during MMA’s unpopular rule in the frontier, courtesy Gen. Musharraf. Their holistic defeat in the fairest elections should be a bitter reminder how the nation holistically rejected the MMA. Their defeat was owed to corruption, lack of development and intrinsically its ritual centric interpretation of religion, transcending the edict that “there is no compulsion in Islam” in rather than [Salihât] oriented code of conduct in the ephemeral existence.

 

 To put the record straight, the word ‘Islamic ideology’ or ‘Ideology of Pakistan’ was never uttered for 15 years after its creation. It was in 1962, during Ayub Khan’s era, that one sole Maulvi Abdul Bari, an Ayub Khan fan from Jamaat Islami, uttered the word Ideology of Pakistan and Islam being the Ideology. No one in the meeting had the guts to question when the word Islam was mentioned. Half a century later, similar lily livered and frail men and women have passed the controversial Adl bill for Swat from the dread of the vulgar threat of apostasy given by a half-literate Moulvi. In Pakistani the fault lines and fissures to the true spirit of Islamic faith run through the type certification of Wahabi and other dispensations which spawned seething hatred for each other. Ironically, the actual enduring, and now up close, danger to Islam always emanated from religious fundos and extremists that fit Allama Iqbal’s aphorism “Do Rakat ka Moulvi”. I, as millions of others, grew up in the thirties and saw Islam living and vibrant, at its best, in our homes as much as in the mosques and at work. Our parents and siblings lived by the ideals and values of Islam and were the proud followers of the greatest man of the last century - Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the sole creator of Pakistan.  He was a special man of God, who alone changed the history and geography of the world. The greatest hurdle challenging the idea and concept of Pakistan as conceived by Allama Iqbal and during Jinnah’s struggle for its fruition was not as much from Ghandhi and Nehru as from the fierce Maulana Maudoodi (J I), Attaullah Shah Bokhari (Ahrars) and the schoolmaster politician of negativity, Allama Mashraqi (The head of Khaksars movement) who aped the Nazi SS men with steel helmets and sharpened spades. He even made an ugly attempt on the life of founder of Pakistan, the Quaid-e-Azam. All of them had obdurately opposed the creation of Pakistan tooth and nail. So whose ideology and which hue of Islamisation are we reading about?

 

No, there was no such thing as “Islamic Ideology as old a s independence”, Mr. Qazi is marketing today as the raison d’etre of Pakistan. His claim holds no water about “Islamisation” of strong believers, pious and practicing Muslim majority in what became Pakistan. It sounds so oxymoronic because Islamisation of Muslims was never uttered by any leader struggling with the great leader, the Quaid-Azam. What Maudoodi and his disciples wanted (and continue unabated) was to peddle Wahabi dispensation through threat and intimidation as he had declared that those not converting to his type certified version were Kafirs (Infidels). Up until then Islam was safe and living in our mind, heart and soul and expressed resolutely in our code of conduct. The Quaid had vociferously and unambiguously propounded about the values and traditions of Islam, not dogmatic theocratic interpretation by multitude sects (with 72 Sects in Islam at the time) calling each other Kafirs and culpable of apostasy and hence could be murdered. In 1947, after they discovered that Ghandi and Nehru had no space for them, these religious fundamentalists crawled in to what they had contemptuously referred to as Palidistan (land of the impure) and Na Pakistan. That was the cardinal reason why the Quaid wanted religion and the state as emphatically separate issues. We were true and united Muslims till the Quaid’s early demise. Soon thereafter Islam was exploited as a political weapon by the fundamentalists and this nation lost its stature and became a mob; to be led by mobsters.

 

That was when peaceful Muslim society came under threat from these imports and Pakistan was pushed in to the abyss of religious bigotry and the Unity of the nation delivered a blow which is today looking like Pakistan’s nemesis. Here I come to Mr. Qazi’s claim that the nation was screaming for Objectives Resolution. Nothing could be farther from truth! That deceptive resolution was to become Pakistan’s Achilles heel.

 

 Allegedly, Choudary Mohammad Ali, a rabid disciple of Maudoodi convinced Liaqat Ali Khan to introduce the divisive and controversial “Objectives Resolution”. It was not the demand of the masses at all as has been blatantly claimed. It was introduced as a deceptive alternative to giving the nation a constitution based on Jinnah’s profound vision of a parliamentary democracy.  It was done to capitalise on the religious emotions of the new nation to create a constituency for Liaqat Ali Khan, who had none at the time. Bigots caught the Islamic content of the resolution in the air, as Liaquat Ali was murdered. Elections were avoided by Liaquat Ali Khan just for the specific reason that he was uncertain to win in elections. Objectives Resolution was a dagger pushed deep in to Quaid-e-Azam’s dream of a liberal, egalitarian Pakistan where equality and justice for all Pakistanis transcending religion, faith, creed and colour was to be supreme and the bigoted Mullah had no place except the pulpit. The platitudes about the Quaid in Mr. Qazi’s article convince no one.

 

This is a long debate how Pakistan was steered away from becoming a progressive state on the basis of values of Islam and not the rituals which have little substance. We are paying a traumatic price for those blunders of history because our leaders did not learn from its lessons, nor did the nation learn to differentiate between a fakes, impostors, plunderers, bigots from real good men of God. How big a price we will finally pay is no more a guessing game even for scores of millions of super-ostriches inhabiting what was Jinnah’s Pakistan? The forebodings are like sirens screaming, “Wake-up Pakistanis”, and if you do not, then one day, God forbid, you will have no where on earth to go or even hide.  I hope intellectuals of upscale stature like Mr. Mehdi Hassan; Ayaz Amir (AA), Shireen Mazari and Anjum Niaz would enlighten the people on issues that are threatening Quaid’s Pakistan and shout out that it is better to die standing for a cause than to live a hundred years on your knees in supplication to hoards which render Halaku Khan a sissy.  AA, a plea to you; please spare us the (N) alternative, notwithstanding your party loyalty. Rise above this mediocre mumbo-jumbo cabal. Your profound articulation becomes soggy when you market and innocuously promote mediocrity between your lines, which is not at all convincing, let alone the solution.

 

Only Quaid’s vision of Pakistan can cure all evils, nothing else will. It is not an option any more and only unity, grit and courage by the nation and its defenders can save us. Inexorably, the pretenders of Pakistan’s destiny hunkered in and hiding in the white houses are not consumed by the threat to your and my security. Have no doubt they are right now busy finalising plan “Exit” followed by the track and destination, when the deluge descends down the Margalla hills. As for Mr. Qazi, the country’s integrity is in dire peril and not Islam. So please change tack and propound unity across all schisms. We have even crossed the critical mass and the deluge will be descending down the Margallas sooner than you can say Jack Robinson.

 

S Sajad Haider

13 Comments